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对平面上的一些点拟合有很多手段,其中椭圆拟合在图像轮廓划分等很多方面都很重要,当然,我们一般还是用最小二乘法来拟合椭圆, 在这里,我实现了两种算法,一种是
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- http://wenku.baidu.com/link?url=7kIrC8LoOMCtlmAH8yqkpUQfiKwWnVe4EoUJekkQSgQ1qTWfLAuEXTYvYTv7SATGIJYX4IxcTIB94-iO0SpUgztWgx661O2VEOwm_dvoSqO
这篇文章给出的,核心也是最小二乘法,利用gauss消去法解方程组,不过他给出的代码有些小bug,所以我改了一下,也去掉了opencv的东西。
还有一个就是利用奇异值分解法来求超定方程的最小二乘法的思想来求出椭圆的五个参数,关于奇异值分解法可以参考 http://blog.csdn.net/wangzhiqing3/article/details/7446444 下面是我的代码实现:
//LSEllipse.h
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- /*************************************************************************
- 版本: 2014-12-31
- 功能说明: 对平面上的一些列点给出最小二乘的椭圆拟合,利用奇异值分解法
- 解得最小二乘解作为椭圆参数。
- 调用形式: cvFitEllipse2f(arrayx,arrayy,box);
- 参数说明: arrayx: arrayx[n],每个值为x轴一个点
- arrayx: arrayy[n],每个值为y轴一个点
- n : 点的个数
- box : box[5],椭圆的五个参数,分别为center.x,center.y,2a,2b,xtheta
- esp: 解精度,通常取1e-6,这个是解方程用的说
- ***************************************************************************/
-
-
-
-
- #include"stdafx.h"
- #include<cstdlib>
- #include<float.h>
- #include<vector>
- using namespace std;
-
- class LSEllipse
- {
- public:
- LSEllipse(void);
- ~LSEllipse(void);
- vector<double> getEllipseparGauss(vector<CPoint> vec_point);
- void cvFitEllipse2f( int *arrayx, int *arrayy,int n,float *box );
- private:
- int SVD(float *a,int m,int n,float b[],float x[],float esp);
- int gmiv(float a[],int m,int n,float b[],float x[],float aa[],float eps,float u[],float v[],int ka);
- int ginv(float a[],int m,int n,float aa[],float eps,float u[],float v[],int ka);
- int muav(float a[],int m,int n,float u[],float v[],float eps,int ka);
- };
//LSEllipse.cpp
[cpp] view plaincopy
- #include"stdafx.h"
- #include "LSEllipse.h"
- #include <cmath>
-
- LSEllipse::LSEllipse(void)
- {
- }
-
-
- LSEllipse::~LSEllipse(void)
- {
- }
- //列主元高斯消去法
- //A为系数矩阵,x为解向量,若成功,返回true,否则返回false,并将x清空。
-
- bool RGauss(const vector<vector<double> > & A, vector<double> & x)
- {
- x.clear();
- int n = A.size();
- int m = A[0].size();
- x.resize(n);
- //复制系数矩阵,防止修改原矩阵
- vector<vector<double> > Atemp(n);
- for (int i = 0; i < n; i++)
- {
- vector<double> temp(m);
- for (int j = 0; j < m; j++)
- {
- temp[j] = A[j];
- }
- Atemp = temp;
- temp.clear();
- }
- for (int k = 0; k < n; k++)
- {
- //选主元
- double max = -1;
- int l = -1;
- for (int i = k; i < n; i++)
- {
- if (abs(Atemp[k]) > max)
- {
- max = abs(Atemp[k]);
- l = i;
- }
- }
- if (l != k)
- {
- //交换系数矩阵的l行和k行
- for (int i = 0; i < m; i++)
- {
- double temp = Atemp[l];
- Atemp[l] = Atemp[k];
- Atemp[k] = temp;
- }
- }
- //消元
- for (int i = k+1; i < n; i++)
- {
- double l = Atemp[k]/Atemp[k][k];
- for (int j = k; j < m; j++)
- {
- Atemp[j] = Atemp[j] - l*Atemp[k][j];
- }
- }
- }
- //回代
- x[n-1] = Atemp[n-1][m-1]/Atemp[n-1][m-2];
- for (int k = n-2; k >= 0; k--)
- {
- double s = 0.0;
- for (int j = k+1; j < n; j++)
- {
- s += Atemp[k][j]*x[j];
- }
- x[k] = (Atemp[k][m-1] - s)/Atemp[k][k];
- }
- return true;
- }
-
- vector<double> LSEllipse::getEllipseparGauss(vector<CPoint> vec_point)
- {
- vector<double> vec_result;
- double x3y1 = 0,x1y3= 0,x2y2= 0,yyy4= 0, xxx3= 0,xxx2= 0,x2y1= 0,yyy3= 0,x1y2= 0 ,yyy2= 0,x1y1= 0,xxx1= 0,yyy1= 0;
- int N = vec_point.size();
- for (int m_i = 0;m_i < N ;++m_i )
- {
- double xi = vec_point[m_i].x ;
- double yi = vec_point[m_i].y;
- x3y1 += xi*xi*xi*yi ;
- x1y3 += xi*yi*yi*yi;
- x2y2 += xi*xi*yi*yi; ;
- yyy4 +=yi*yi*yi*yi;
- xxx3 += xi*xi*xi ;
- xxx2 += xi*xi ;
- x2y1 += xi*xi*yi;
-
- x1y2 += xi*yi*yi;
- yyy2 += yi*yi;
- x1y1 += xi*yi;
- xxx1 += xi;
- yyy1 += yi;
- yyy3 += yi*yi*yi;
- }
- double resul[5];
- resul[0] = -(x3y1);
- resul[1] = -(x2y2);
- resul[2] = -(xxx3);
- resul[3] = -(x2y1);
- resul[4] = -(xxx2);
- long double Bb[5],Cc[5],Dd[5],Ee[5],Aa[5];
- Bb[0] = x1y3, Cc[0] = x2y1, Dd[0] = x1y2, Ee[0] = x1y1, Aa[0] = x2y2;
- Bb[1] = yyy4, Cc[1] = x1y2, Dd[1] = yyy3, Ee[1] = yyy2, Aa[1] = x1y3;
- Bb[2] = x1y2, Cc[2] = xxx2, Dd[2] = x1y1, Ee[2] = xxx1, Aa[2] = x2y1;
- Bb[3] = yyy3, Cc[3]= x1y1, Dd[3] = yyy2, Ee[3] = yyy1, Aa[3] = x1y2;
- Bb[4]= yyy2, Cc[4]= xxx1, Dd[4] = yyy1, Ee[4] = N, Aa[4]= x1y1;
-
- vector<vector<double>>Ma(5);
- vector<double>Md(5);
- for(int i=0;i<5;i++)
- {
- Ma.push_back(Aa);
- Ma.push_back(Bb);
- Ma.push_back(Cc);
- Ma.push_back(Dd);
- Ma.push_back(Ee);
- Ma.push_back(resul);
- }
-
- RGauss(Ma,Md);
- long double A=Md[0];
- long double B=Md[1];
- long double C=Md[2];
- long double D=Md[3];
- long double E=Md[4];
- double XC=(2*B*C-A*D)/(A*A-4*B);
- double YC=(2*D-A*C)/(A*A-4*B);
- long double fenzi=2*(A*C*D-B*C*C-D*D+4*E*B-A*A*E);
- long double fenmu=(A*A-4*B)*(B-sqrt(A*A+(1-B)*(1-B))+1);
- long double fenmu2=(A*A-4*B)*(B+sqrt(A*A+(1-B)*(1-B))+1);
- double XA=sqrt(fabs(fenzi/fenmu));
- double XB=sqrt(fabs(fenzi/fenmu2));
- double Xtheta=0.5*atan(A/(1-B))*180/3.1415926;
- if(B<1)
- Xtheta+=90;
- vec_result.push_back(XC);
- vec_result.push_back(YC);
- vec_result.push_back(XA);
- vec_result.push_back(XB);
- vec_result.push_back(Xtheta);
- return vec_result;
- }
-
- void LSEllipse::cvFitEllipse2f( int *arrayx, int *arrayy,int n,float *box )
- {
- float cx=0,cy=0;
- double rp[5], t;
- float *A1=new float[n*5];
- float *A2=new float[2*2];
- float *A3=new float[n*3];
- float *B1=new float[n],*B2=new float[2],*B3=new float[n];
- const double min_eps = 1e-6;
- int i;
- for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
- {
-
- cx += arrayx*1.0;
- cy += arrayy*1.0;
-
- }
- cx /= n;
- cy /= n;
- for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
- {
- int step=i*5;
- float px,py;
- px = arrayx*1.0;
- py = arrayy*1.0;
- px -= cx;
- py -= cy;
- B1 = 10000.0;
- A1[step] = -px * px;
- A1[step + 1] = -py * py;
- A1[step + 2] = -px * py;
- A1[step + 3] = px;
- A1[step + 4] = py;
- }
- float *x1=new float[5];
- //解出Ax^2+By^2+Cxy+Dx+Ey=10000的最小二乘解!
- SVD(A1,n,5,B1,x1,min_eps);
- A2[0]=2*x1[0],A2[1]=A2[2]=x1[2],A2[3]=2*x1[1];
- B2[0]=x1[3],B2[1]=x1[4];
- float *x2=new float[2];
- //标准化,将一次项消掉,求出center.x和center.y;
- SVD(A2,2,2,B2,x2,min_eps);
- rp[0]=x2[0],rp[1]=x2[1];
- for( i = 0; i < n; i++ )
- {
- float px,py;
- px = arrayx*1.0;
- py = arrayy*1.0;
- px -= cx;
- py -= cy;
- B3 = 1.0;
- int step=i*3;
- A3[step] = (px - rp[0]) * (px - rp[0]);
- A3[step+1] = (py - rp[1]) * (py - rp[1]);
- A3[step+2] = (px - rp[0]) * (py - rp[1]);
-
- }
- //求出A(x-center.x)^2+B(y-center.y)^2+C(x-center.x)(y-center.y)的最小二乘解
- SVD(A3,n,3,B3,x1,min_eps);
-
- rp[4] = -0.5 * atan2(x1[2], x1[1] - x1[0]);
- t = sin(-2.0 * rp[4]);
- if( fabs(t) > fabs(x1[2])*min_eps )
- t = x1[2]/t;
- else
- t = x1[1] - x1[0];
- rp[2] = fabs(x1[0] + x1[1] - t);
- if( rp[2] > min_eps )
- rp[2] = sqrt(2.0 / rp[2]);
- rp[3] = fabs(x1[0] + x1[1] + t);
- if( rp[3] > min_eps )
- rp[3] = sqrt(2.0 / rp[3]);
-
- box[0] = (float)rp[0] + cx;
- box[1]= (float)rp[1] + cy;
- box[2]= (float)(rp[2]*2);
- box[3] = (float)(rp[3]*2);
- if( box[2] > box[3] )
- {
- double tmp=box[2];
- box[2]=box[3];
- box[3]=tmp;
- }
- box[4] = (float)(90 + rp[4]*180/3.1415926);
- if( box[4] < -180 )
- box[4] += 360;
- if( box[4] > 360 )
- box[4] -= 360;
- delete []A1;
- delete []A2;
- delete []A3;
- delete []B1;
- delete []B2;
- delete []B3;
- delete []x1;
- delete []x2;
-
- }
-
- int LSEllipse::SVD(float *a,int m,int n,float b[],float x[],float esp)
- {
- float *aa;
- float *u;
- float *v;
- aa=new float[n*m];
- u=new float[m*m];
- v=new float[n*n];
-
- int ka;
- int flag;
- if(m>n)
- {
- ka=m+1;
- }else
- {
- ka=n+1;
- }
-
- flag=gmiv(a,m,n,b,x,aa,esp,u,v,ka);
-
-
-
- delete []aa;
- delete []u;
- delete []v;
-
- return(flag);
- }
-
-
-
-
-
- int LSEllipse::gmiv( float a[],int m,int n,float b[],float x[],float aa[],float eps,float u[],float v[],int ka)
- {
- int i,j;
- i=ginv(a,m,n,aa,eps,u,v,ka);
-
- if (i<0) return(-1);
- for (i=0; i<=n-1; i++)
- { x=0.0;
- for (j=0; j<=m-1; j++)
- x=x+aa[i*m+j]*b[j];
- }
- return(1);
- }
-
-
- int LSEllipse::ginv(float a[],int m,int n,float aa[],float eps,float u[],float v[],int ka)
- {
-
- // int muav(float a[],int m,int n,float u[],float v[],float eps,int ka);
-
- int i,j,k,l,t,p,q,f;
- i=muav(a,m,n,u,v,eps,ka);
- if (i<0) return(-1);
- j=n;
- if (m<n) j=m;
- j=j-1;
- k=0;
- while ((k<=j)&&(a[k*n+k]!=0.0)) k=k+1;
- k=k-1;
- for (i=0; i<=n-1; i++)
- for (j=0; j<=m-1; j++)
- { t=i*m+j; aa[t]=0.0;
- for (l=0; l<=k; l++)
- { f=l*n+i; p=j*m+l; q=l*n+l;
- aa[t]=aa[t]+v[f]*u[p]/a[q];
- }
- }
- return(1);
- }
-
-
-
-
-
-
- int LSEllipse::muav(float a[],int m,int n,float u[],float v[],float eps,int ka)
- { int i,j,k,l,it,ll,kk,ix,iy,mm,nn,iz,m1,ks;
- float d,dd,t,sm,sm1,em1,sk,ek,b,c,shh,fg[2],cs[2];
- float *s,*e,*w;
- //void ppp();
- // void sss();
- void ppp(float a[],float e[],float s[],float v[],int m,int n);
- void sss(float fg[],float cs[]);
-
- s=(float *) malloc(ka*sizeof(float));
- e=(float *) malloc(ka*sizeof(float));
- w=(float *) malloc(ka*sizeof(float));
- it=60; k=n;
- if (m-1<n) k=m-1;
- l=m;
- if (n-2<m) l=n-2;
- if (l<0) l=0;
- ll=k;
- if (l>k) ll=l;
- if (ll>=1)
- { for (kk=1; kk<=ll; kk++)
- { if (kk<=k)
- { d=0.0;
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+kk-1; d=d+a[ix]*a[ix];}
- s[kk-1]=(float)sqrt(d);
- if (s[kk-1]!=0.0)
- { ix=(kk-1)*n+kk-1;
- if (a[ix]!=0.0)
- { s[kk-1]=(float)fabs(s[kk-1]);
- if (a[ix]<0.0) s[kk-1]=-s[kk-1];
- }
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { iy=(i-1)*n+kk-1;
- a[iy]=a[iy]/s[kk-1];
- }
- a[ix]=1.0f+a[ix];
- }
- s[kk-1]=-s[kk-1];
- }
- if (n>=kk+1)
- { for (j=kk+1; j<=n; j++)
- { if ((kk<=k)&&(s[kk-1]!=0.0))
- { d=0.0;
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+kk-1;
- iy=(i-1)*n+j-1;
- d=d+a[ix]*a[iy];
- }
- d=-d/a[(kk-1)*n+kk-1];
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+j-1;
- iy=(i-1)*n+kk-1;
- a[ix]=a[ix]+d*a[iy];
- }
- }
- e[j-1]=a[(kk-1)*n+j-1];
- }
- }
- if (kk<=k)
- { for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*m+kk-1; iy=(i-1)*n+kk-1;
- u[ix]=a[iy];
- }
- }
- if (kk<=l)
- { d=0.0;
- for (i=kk+1; i<=n; i++)
- d=d+e[i-1]*e[i-1];
- e[kk-1]=(float)sqrt(d);
- if (e[kk-1]!=0.0)
- { if (e[kk]!=0.0)
- { e[kk-1]=(float)fabs(e[kk-1]);
- if (e[kk]<0.0) e[kk-1]=-e[kk-1];
- }
- for (i=kk+1; i<=n; i++)
- e[i-1]=e[i-1]/e[kk-1];
- e[kk]=1.0f+e[kk];
- }
- e[kk-1]=-e[kk-1];
- if ((kk+1<=m)&&(e[kk-1]!=0.0))
- { for (i=kk+1; i<=m; i++) w[i-1]=0.0;
- for (j=kk+1; j<=n; j++)
- for (i=kk+1; i<=m; i++)
- w[i-1]=w[i-1]+e[j-1]*a[(i-1)*n+j-1];
- for (j=kk+1; j<=n; j++)
- for (i=kk+1; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+j-1;
- a[ix]=a[ix]-w[i-1]*e[j-1]/e[kk];
- }
- }
- for (i=kk+1; i<=n; i++)
- v[(i-1)*n+kk-1]=e[i-1];
- }
- }
- }
- mm=n;
- if (m+1<n) mm=m+1;
- if (k<n) s[k]=a[k*n+k];
- if (m<mm) s[mm-1]=0.0;
- if (l+1<mm) e[l]=a[l*n+mm-1];
- e[mm-1]=0.0;
- nn=m;
- if (m>n) nn=n;
- if (nn>=k+1)
- { for (j=k+1; j<=nn; j++)
- { for (i=1; i<=m; i++)
- u[(i-1)*m+j-1]=0.0;
- u[(j-1)*m+j-1]=1.0;
- }
- }
- if (k>=1)
- { for (ll=1; ll<=k; ll++)
- { kk=k-ll+1; iz=(kk-1)*m+kk-1;
- if (s[kk-1]!=0.0)
- { if (nn>=kk+1)
- for (j=kk+1; j<=nn; j++)
- { d=0.0;
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*m+kk-1;
- iy=(i-1)*m+j-1;
- d=d+u[ix]*u[iy]/u[iz];
- }
- d=-d;
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*m+j-1;
- iy=(i-1)*m+kk-1;
- u[ix]=u[ix]+d*u[iy];
- }
- }
- for (i=kk; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*m+kk-1; u[ix]=-u[ix];}
- u[iz]=1.0f+u[iz];
- if (kk-1>=1)
- for (i=1; i<=kk-1; i++)
- u[(i-1)*m+kk-1]=0.0;
- }
- else
- { for (i=1; i<=m; i++)
- u[(i-1)*m+kk-1]=0.0;
- u[(kk-1)*m+kk-1]=1.0;
- }
- }
- }
- for (ll=1; ll<=n; ll++)
- { kk=n-ll+1; iz=kk*n+kk-1;
- if ((kk<=l)&&(e[kk-1]!=0.0))
- { for (j=kk+1; j<=n; j++)
- { d=0.0;
- for (i=kk+1; i<=n; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+kk-1; iy=(i-1)*n+j-1;
- d=d+v[ix]*v[iy]/v[iz];
- }
- d=-d;
- for (i=kk+1; i<=n; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+j-1; iy=(i-1)*n+kk-1;
- v[ix]=v[ix]+d*v[iy];
- }
- }
- }
- for (i=1; i<=n; i++)
- v[(i-1)*n+kk-1]=0.0;
- v[iz-n]=1.0;
- }
- for (i=1; i<=m; i++)
- for (j=1; j<=n; j++)
- a[(i-1)*n+j-1]=0.0;
- m1=mm; it=60;
- while (1==1)
- { if (mm==0)
- { ppp(a,e,s,v,m,n);
- free(s); free(e); free(w); return(1);
- }
- if (it==0)
- { ppp(a,e,s,v,m,n);
- free(s); free(e); free(w); return(-1);
- }
- kk=mm-1;
- while ((kk!=0)&&(fabs(e[kk-1])!=0.0))
- { d=(float)(fabs(s[kk-1])+fabs(s[kk]));
- dd=(float)fabs(e[kk-1]);
- if (dd>eps*d) kk=kk-1;
- else e[kk-1]=0.0;
- }
- if (kk==mm-1)
- { kk=kk+1;
- if (s[kk-1]<0.0)
- { s[kk-1]=-s[kk-1];
- for (i=1; i<=n; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+kk-1; v[ix]=-v[ix];}
- }
- while ((kk!=m1)&&(s[kk-1]<s[kk]))
- { d=s[kk-1]; s[kk-1]=s[kk]; s[kk]=d;
- if (kk<n)
- for (i=1; i<=n; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*n+kk-1; iy=(i-1)*n+kk;
- d=v[ix]; v[ix]=v[iy]; v[iy]=d;
- }
- if (kk<m)
- for (i=1; i<=m; i++)
- { ix=(i-1)*m+kk-1; iy=(i-1)*m+kk;
- d=u[ix]; u[ix]=u[iy]; u[iy]=d;
- }
- kk=kk+1;
- }
- it=60;
- mm=mm-1;
- }
- else
- { ks=mm;
- while ((ks>kk)&&(fabs(s[ks-1])!=0.0))
- { d=0.0;
- if (ks!=mm) d=d+(float)fabs(e[ks-1]);
- if (ks!=kk+1) d=d+(float)fabs(e[ks-2]);
- dd=(float)fabs(s[ks-1]);
- if (dd>eps*d) ks=ks-1;
- else s[ks-1]=0.0;
- }
- if (ks==kk)
- { kk=kk+1;
- d=(float)fabs(s[mm-1]);
- t=(float)fabs(s[mm-2]);
- if (t>d) d=t;
- t=(float)fabs(e[mm-2]);
- if (t>d) d=t;
- t=(float)fabs(s[kk-1]);
- if (t>d) d=t;
- t=(float)fabs(e[kk-1]);
- if (t>d) d=t;
- sm=s[mm-1]/d; sm1=s[mm-2]/d;
- em1=e[mm-2]/d;
- sk=s[kk-1]/d; ek=e[kk-1]/d;
- b=((sm1+sm)*(sm1-sm)+em1*em1)/2.0f;
- c=sm*em1; c=c*c; shh=0.0;
- if ((b!=0.0)||(c!=0.0))
- { shh=(float)sqrt(b*b+c);
- if (b<0.0) shh=-shh;
- shh=c/(b+shh);
- }
- fg[0]=(sk+sm)*(sk-sm)-shh;
- fg[1]=sk*ek;
- for (i=kk; i<=mm-1; i++)
- { sss(fg,cs);
- if (i!=kk) e[i-2]=fg[0];
- fg[0]=cs[0]*s[i-1]+cs[1]*e[i-1];
- e[i-1]=cs[0]*e[i-1]-cs[1]*s[i-1];
- fg[1]=cs[1]*s;
- s=cs[0]*s;
- if ((cs[0]!=1.0)||(cs[1]!=0.0))
- for (j=1; j<=n; j++)
- { ix=(j-1)*n+i-1;
- iy=(j-1)*n+i;
- d=cs[0]*v[ix]+cs[1]*v[iy];
- v[iy]=-cs[1]*v[ix]+cs[0]*v[iy];
- v[ix]=d;
- }
- sss(fg,cs);
- s[i-1]=fg[0];
- fg[0]=cs[0]*e[i-1]+cs[1]*s;
- s=-cs[1]*e[i-1]+cs[0]*s;
- fg[1]=cs[1]*e;
- e=cs[0]*e;
- if (i<m)
- if ((cs[0]!=1.0)||(cs[1]!=0.0))
- for (j=1; j<=m; j++)
- { ix=(j-1)*m+i-1;
- iy=(j-1)*m+i;
- d=cs[0]*u[ix]+cs[1]*u[iy];
- u[iy]=-cs[1]*u[ix]+cs[0]*u[iy];
- u[ix]=d;
- }
- }
- e[mm-2]=fg[0];
- it=it-1;
- }
- else
- { if (ks==mm)
- { kk=kk+1;
- fg[1]=e[mm-2]; e[mm-2]=0.0;
- for (ll=kk; ll<=mm-1; ll++)
- { i=mm+kk-ll-1;
- fg[0]=s[i-1];
- sss(fg,cs);
- s[i-1]=fg[0];
- if (i!=kk)
- { fg[1]=-cs[1]*e[i-2];
- e[i-2]=cs[0]*e[i-2];
- }
- if ((cs[0]!=1.0)||(cs[1]!=0.0))
- for (j=1; j<=n; j++)
- { ix=(j-1)*n+i-1;
- iy=(j-1)*n+mm-1;
- d=cs[0]*v[ix]+cs[1]*v[iy];
- v[iy]=-cs[1]*v[ix]+cs[0]*v[iy];
- v[ix]=d;
- }
- }
- }
- else
- { kk=ks+1;
- fg[1]=e[kk-2];
- e[kk-2]=0.0;
- for (i=kk; i<=mm; i++)
- { fg[0]=s[i-1];
- sss(fg,cs);
- s[i-1]=fg[0];
- fg[1]=-cs[1]*e[i-1];
- e[i-1]=cs[0]*e[i-1];
- if ((cs[0]!=1.0)||(cs[1]!=0.0))
- for (j=1; j<=m; j++)
- { ix=(j-1)*m+i-1;
- iy=(j-1)*m+kk-2;
- d=cs[0]*u[ix]+cs[1]*u[iy];
- u[iy]=-cs[1]*u[ix]+cs[0]*u[iy];
- u[ix]=d;
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
-
- free(s);free(e);free(w);
- return(1);
-
-
- }
-
-
- void ppp(float a[],float e[],float s[],float v[],int m,int n)
- { int i,j,p,q;
- float d;
- if (m>=n) i=n;
- else i=m;
- for (j=1; j<=i-1; j++)
- { a[(j-1)*n+j-1]=s[j-1];
- a[(j-1)*n+j]=e[j-1];
- }
- a[(i-1)*n+i-1]=s[i-1];
- if (m<n) a[(i-1)*n+i]=e[i-1];
- for (i=1; i<=n-1; i++)
- for (j=i+1; j<=n; j++)
- { p=(i-1)*n+j-1; q=(j-1)*n+i-1;
- d=v[p]; v[p]=v[q]; v[q]=d;
- }
- return;
- }
-
-
- void sss(float fg[],float cs[])
- { float r,d;
- if ((fabs(fg[0])+fabs(fg[1]))==0.0)
- { cs[0]=1.0; cs[1]=0.0; d=0.0;}
- else
- { d=(float)sqrt(fg[0]*fg[0]+fg[1]*fg[1]);
- if (fabs(fg[0])>fabs(fg[1]))
- { d=(float)fabs(d);
- if (fg[0]<0.0) d=-d;
- }
- if (fabs(fg[1])>=fabs(fg[0]))
- { d=(float)fabs(d);
- if (fg[1]<0.0) d=-d;
- }
- cs[0]=fg[0]/d; cs[1]=fg[1]/d;
- }
- r=1.0;
- if (fabs(fg[0])>fabs(fg[1])) r=cs[1];
- else
- if (cs[0]!=0.0) r=1.0f/cs[0];
- fg[0]=d; fg[1]=r;
- return;
- }
利用VC效果如下:
其中青色的线为第一种方法的效果,黑色为第二种方法的拟合效果。
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